Well here is a picture of my front door which is about 15>20 yrs old. It's an external grade routed door with ply facing and HMR MDF inside the guts around the routings.
http://i7.photobucket.com/albums/y26...h_Feb27697.jpg
As you can see it's starting to fall apart. The ply is lifting all over the place, and the MDF is swelling where it's routed. I'd trust your particle board door even less under the same conditions.
If you're going to put a clear coating on an external door, then you really need to sand it back and re-coat every year or so. If you're going to paint it a solid colour, then keep an eye on it for cracking and deterioration, and you may get away with re-painting it every five or ten years. If it's a solid timber joinery door then it may last longer, but of course rot will set in to all the joints after a while if you don't look after it.
My front door hasn't had a re-coat since the day it was installed and it's still solid as a rock. It just looks a bit shabby. I don't really care about its maintenance because it was as ugly as a dog in the first place. I intend to build a new solid timber (real McCoy) joinery door sometime anyway.
But I have no doubt that if it had been maintained properly, then it would look as good now, as the day it was bought. It's in a very exposed position with no roof, and no eaves overhang. In other words, it cops a lot of weather (rain, wind and solar, facing North).
I also have no doubt, that with a bit of attention, and a coat of paint, I could make it look like a 'bought one' again.
Cheers